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CNC Plasma Cutting Machines
> Cutting Techniques > Plasma
Plasma is often described as the fourth state of matter. One usually thinks of three states, namely solid, liquid and gas. For the most common substance, H2O, these are ice, water and steam. The difference between these states is a question of energy content. If we introduce energy to ice, it forms water, a liquid. Should still more energy be introduced, then steam forms. If more energy is added to a gas, it can be shown that its physical properties change drastically. A highly ionised, hot gas is formed composed of ions, electrons and neutral particles-PLASMA.
Many of the laws of electrical current flow through a metal can also be applied to the plasma arc. For example, the resistance, and thus the temperature, of the plasma beam increases if its cross section is restricted, but the current flow is kept constant. This high temperature of the plasma arc is used with its kinetic energy for plasma cutting.
Process Ionisation: - Creation of free electrons, ions - Change in temperature and the electrical characteristics Thermal cutting process with constricted arc (Plasma beam) Plasma beam: - High temperature (energy) - High kinetic energy (high speed gas flow) It melts or partially vaporises the material and blows it away Characteristics: Plate thickness: 0,5 mm up to 150 mm Typical:3 mm up to 70 mm Review: - low to high cut quality - Smooth, inclined planes of cut - Metallurgical perfect surfaces (oxidized) or nitrated planes of cut - Medium heat input - Medium to high cutting speeds - Hardening within the area of the HAZ - Range of material limited to conducting elements - Dust, noise and UV-radiation (dry-plasma) |
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